Abstract
Antibacterial activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Salvia officinalis and Achillea millefolium against cariogenic microorganisms:
An in vitro investigation
Dr. Kermanshah H.,1 Dr. Hashemi-Kamangar SS., 2 Dr. Arami S., 1 Dr. Mirsalehian A., 3 Kamalinejad M., 4 Dr. Karimi M., 5 Jebelameli F.6
1 Assistant professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University / Medical Science. Tehran , Iran. 2 Resident, Specialty Program, Department of Operative Dentistry, Tehran University / Medical Science. Tehran, Iran. 3 Associate Professor, Department of Medicine – Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University / Medical Science. Tehran, Iran. 4 Researcher, Shahid Beheshti University / MC. Tehran, Iran. 5 Resident, Specialty Program, Department of Traditional Medicine. Tehran University / Medical Science. Tehran , Iran. 6 Resident, Specialty Program, Department of Microbiology. School of Medicine. Tehran University / Medical Science. Tehran, Iran.
(Received 7 April, 2009 Accepted 1 Oct, 2009)
Abstract
Background and Aim: There is an increasing global tendency to use traditional medicines and drug-extracts from natural plant materials. This in-vitro study was conducted in order to evaluate the cariostatic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Salvia officinalis and Achillea millefolium.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, hydroalcoholic extracts were prepared from Salvia officinalis and Achillea millefolium using maceration method. The antibacterial activity of these two extracts against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Actinomyces viscosus were evaluated through broth macrodilution method. Data was analyzed with Mann-Whitney test.
Results: The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Salvia officinalis and Achillea millefolium for streptococcus mutans were 6.25 and 50 micro gram per milli liter, respectively. The corresponding figures for Lactobacillus rhamnosus were 1.56 and 12.5 micro gram per milli liter and for Actinomyces viscosus the value were 12.5 and 50 micro gram per milli liter, respectively. The differences between the two extracts were statistically significant.
Conclusion: Both extracts had growth inhibitory effect on all three bacteria. Salvia officinalis showed greater inhibitory effect on growth of all three bacteria. Both extracts had bactericidal effect in the considered concentration range.
Key words: Salvia officinalis - Achillea - Streptococcus mutans - Lactobacillus rhamnosus - Actinomyces viscosus.
Corresponding Author: Dr. Kermanshah H., Assistant professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University / Medical Science. Tehran, Iran.
e.mail: kermanshahhamid@yahoo.com