Comparison of the antibacterial effect of ethanolic walnut (juglans regia) leaf extract with chlorhexidine mouth rinse on Streptococcus mutans and sanguinis

Abstract

 Comparison of the antibacterial effect of ethanolic walnut (juglans regia) leaf extract with chlorhexidine mouth rinse on Streptococcus mutans and sanguinis

 

 Dr. Sharafati-Chaleshtori R .,¹ Sharafati-Chaleshtori F ., ² Dr. Rafieian- kopaei M ., ³ Drees F .,⁴ Ashrafi ^{K. 5}

  

  ¹ PHD Student, of Food Hygiene, Department of Food Hygiene , School of Public Health, Islamic Azad University, Research & Science Branch, Tehran, Iran . ^{2 Tutor, Medical Plants Research Center , School of Medicine, Shahre-kord University. Shahre-kord , Iran. 3 Professor, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahre-kord University. Shahre-kord , Iran. 4 Tutor, Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shahre-kord University. Shahre-kord , Iran . 5 Medical Plants Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahre-kord University. Shahre-kord , Iran .}

 

  (Received 16 March, 2010 Accepted 13 Sep, 2010)

  

  Abstract

 

  Background and Aim : Streptococcus mutans and sanguinis are etiologic agents of dental caries. The use and search for drugs derived from plants have accelerated in the recent years. The aim of this study was to compare the antibacterial effects of ethanolic walnut leaf extract with chlorhexidine mouth rinse on these bacteria .

  Materials and Method : In this experimental study, after collection and extraction of the plant, the ethanol extract of walnut leaves together with chlorhexidin was examined for antibacterial activities on Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis using the agar-diffusion and microdilution methods. Amikacin (30µg) was used as an antimicrobial positive control. Assessment of total phenolic components was carried out using Folin-Ciocalteu method. Data were collected as a check list based on observation of laboratory results and analyzed by SPSS 16 software using the Man-Whitney statistical test.

  Results : The results showed that the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for ethanolic extract of walnut leaf was 125 and 15.6 mg/ml for Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis , respectively. There was significant different between ethanolic extract and chlorhexidine on the inhibition zone for Streptococcus mutans ) p=0.000) but no significant difference was observed for Streptococcus sanguinis (p=0.058). Deal of the phenolic component was 410 ± 14.43 mg/g.

  Conclusions : These findings showed that walnut leaves have antibacterial effects on these two bacteria and may be substitute for protection and treatment against dental plaque due to these microorganisms.

  Key words : Antibacterial effects - Juglans regia leaves - Streptococcus mutans - Streptococcus sanguinis.

  

  Corresponding Author: Dr. Rafieian- Kopaei M ., Professor, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahre-kord University. Shahre-kord , Iran.

  e.mail: rafieian@yahoo.com